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A sew-in interfacing, traditionally a wool and hair blend, used in structured jacket construction to shape and support the chest and lapel through pad stitching.

A historical term for a woman who worked as a tailor, constructing structured, fitted garments such as suits, coats, and riding habits.

Stitching twill tape along a lapel's roll line to stabilize it and control the exact point and angle at which the lapel folds back.

A detailed technical document sent to a garment manufacturer specifying exact measurements, materials, construction steps, and trims needed for production.

Persistent skipped stitches across all needle types and tensions, especially after a hard jam or drop, points to hook timing out of sync with the needle. This needs professional service, not a home fix.

An early sewing machine shuttle mechanism that travels side to side beneath the needle plate, common in machines predating the rotary hook.

Corded or padded quilting technique in which a design is outlined through two fabric layers, then stuffed from the back so the motif stands out in high relief.

A long, belted coat traditionally made of water-resistant gabardine, featuring a double-breasted front, storm flaps, and epaulettes, derived from military rainwear.

A fine, run-resistant warp-knit fabric with lengthwise ribs on the face and crosswise ribs on the back, common in lingerie and linings.

The process of constructing a trouser pattern from waist, hip, crotch, and leg measurements, shaping the crotch curve, inseam, and outseam of the front and back leg pieces.

The pattern pieces and construction lines for a trouser's front closure, including the fly extension, fly shield, and zipper placement, added to the basic trouser front.

A draping technique in which fabric is positioned at a forty-five degree angle to the grainline before pinning, exploiting bias stretch to create soft, body-skimming folds.

A skirt fitted closely through the hip and thigh that flares abruptly near the knee, resembling the shape of a trumpet bell.