Catch stitch

A strong hand stitch made by inserting the needle behind the previous stitch's end, producing a solid, continuous line similar to machine stitching.

An invisible hand stitch worked between two folded edges, drawing them together in a closed seam commonly used to close stuffed items or linings.

A simple, evenly spaced hand stitch made by weaving the needle in and out of the fabric in a straight line, used for basting, gathering, or light seaming.

Loose loops of thread sewn through pattern and fabric layers to mark construction points such as darts and pocket placement, removed once the marks are transferred.

Simple hand stitch worked over an edge in a spiral of diagonal loops, used to join two folded edges, secure trims, or finish raw edges quickly.